ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To clarify the significance of inflammasome NLRP3 in children with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) by detecting its changes before and after treatment.@*METHODS@#Twenty children with ITP diagnosed and treated in Xuzhou Children's Hospital were enrolled as observation group, and 10 healthy children as control group. The mRNA levels of NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), the serum levels of IL-18, IL-1β, and high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) were detected by ELISA, and the protein level of NLRP3 was detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#In newly diagnosed ITP children, the serum levels of IL-18, IL-1β and HMGB1 significantly decreased after treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). NLRP3 protein expression decreased significantly after treatment.@*CONCLUSION@#Expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and downstream inflammatory factors are decrease after treatment in children with ITP, which may be used as effective prognostic markers.